安装之前，请仔细阅读linux系统中pgplot安装说明书， 例如：你的电脑已经安装gfortran编译器，且将pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包解压缩后在/home/lifeng/目录下 （这个路径并不好，可以放在/usr/local/share/目录下，不会导致误删）。

1、在http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~tjp/pgplot/下载pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包；

2、解压缩pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包；

   tar -zxvf pgplot5.2.tar.gz

3、则在/home/lifeng/目录下生成pgplot目录及其中的很多相关文件；

4、修改/home/lifeng/pgplot/目录下的drivers.list文件，将需要用到的设备前面的 ! 号去掉。一般选择：/PS, /VPS, /CPS, /VCPS, /XDSPS, /XWIN, /XSERV, /GIF, /VGIF等，注意修改后保存（:wq）退出；

    vi drivers.list

5、执行makemake，生成makefile文件。makemake后面分别是：源文件目录、所用的操作系统、编译器compiler类型；

    如：/home/lifeng/pgplot/makemake /home/lifeng/pgplot/makemake linux gcc-gfortran

    执行成功以后，目录下会看到以下文件
      drivers.list
      grexec.f
      grpckg1.inc
      makefile
      pgplot.inc
      rgb.txt

6、执行make命令生成PGPLOT库；

    make

    以往系统安装g77编译器，则makefile文件中的编译器设置为：FCOMPL=g77

    如果使用的是gfortran或f90或f95，则修改makefile文件中的编译器设置为：FCOMPL=gfortran或f90或f95；

    如果make执行过程中出现问题，需要修改时，需要首先清除make生成的文件，即执行make clean，然后重复上述过程，直到通过为止。

7、设置环境变量，打开/home/lifeng/下的.bash_profile文件，添加:

    目录路径：export PGPLOT_DIR="/home/lifeng/pgplot"

    库文件路径：export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib:/home/lifeng/lib" （：的意思是并列）

    字体路径：export PGPLOT_FONT="/usr/local/share/pgplot/grfont.dat"

    快捷命令：alias ffpg="gfortran -L/home/lifeng/pgplot -lpgplot -L/home/lifeng/lib -lX11"

    此处出现的问题可能有：

    （1）linux系统中没有X11相关文件，如缺少libX11.so.6文件，可以在http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=libX11.so.6下载，然后安装；

    （2）lib文件位置不对，可能是-L/usr/X11R6/lib，要改一下。

    最后，不要忘记执行source ~/.bashrc，否则修改无效。

8、下面执行/pgplot/目录下的可执行文件pgdemo1进行测试，方法是./pgdemo1 ，则可看到启动PGPLOT Server，然后出图。不断回车，则可看到程序生成的各个图像，说明编译通过。

9、对于自己编写的pgplot绘图程序，由于上面已经有了快捷方式，所以编译方法是：ffpg try.f 回车，生成a.out文件。其中try1.f为自己编写的绘图程序，a.out为生成的可执行文件。./a.out或a.out回车后，同上面例子，/xw后再回车，即可看到生成的图像。

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cluster服务器PGPLOT安装过程

安装之前，请仔细阅读linux系统中pgplot安装说明书，此文件在将pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包解压缩后在/pgplot/目录下。

1、在http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~tjp/pgplot/下载pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包；

2、解压缩pgplot5.2.tar.gz软件包；

3、则生成pgplot目录和其中很多的相关文件；

4、修改/pgplot/目录下的drivers.list文件；

5、将红色方框内前面的！都删掉，注意修改后保存（:wq）；

6、执行makemake，makemake后面分别是：源文件目录、所用的操作系统、编译器compiler类型；

7、执行make命令；

8、这时会发现出现如下问题：

9、修改运行makemake时生成的makefile文件；

10、修改如下红色方框内内容，注意修改后保存；

11、首先清除make生成的文件，即执行make clean；

12、然后重新执行make命令；

13、make的过程看起来很爽，但是，当停止下来后，发现出现了如下问题：

14、问题出现在/pgplot/sys_linux/f95_src/下的grgenv.f文件，打开进行修改；

15、找到如下两行：

16、修改为：

17、重新make clean，发现不对，原来没有在/pgplot/目录下执行。返回，在/pgplot/目录下执行make clean，然后执行make；

18、看到编译刷刷地进行，这才是真的爽！

19、将/pgplot/目录中的makefile文件中的红色方框中的lib全部改为lib64，同时修改下libpgplot.so的路径；

20、

21、运行vi ~/.bashrc修改环境变量如下，并保存。如用户名改变，只需将其中的lifeng改为自己的用户名即可：

22、然后不要忘记执行source ~/.bashrc，否则修改无效；

23、下面执行/pgplot/目录下的可执行文件pgdemo1进行测试，方法是./pgdemo1 ；

24、/xw回车，则可看到下图：（注意：很多人发现到此步骤依然看不到图像，请确认X-Win软件是否打开，如果没有安装，请下载）

25、不断回车，则可看到程序生成的各个图像，说明编译通过。

26、对于自己编写的pgplot绘图程序，编译方法是：ifotr -o a.out fry1.f $pg 。其中try1.f为自己编写的绘图程序，a.out为生成的可执行文件，可以随意，回车后，同上面例子，/xw后再回车，即可看到生成的图像；

27、运行第二个例子try2.f也是同样的过程；

28、和try1不同的是，try1的坐标是arcmin，try2的坐标是用hhmmss和ddmmss。

2. Decompress the files

Use gunzip and tar to decompress the archive and extract its contents. This
will create directory pgplot (and subdirectories) in the current directory.
Make sure that your current directory is where you want to create the
``PGPLOT distribution'' directory tree.

cd /usr/local/src
gunzip -c pgplot5.2.tar.gz | tar xvof -

This example will create /usr/local/src/pgplot and subdirectories.

3. Create the target directory

Create a writeable directory in which the PGPLOT library and associated
files will be created. One such directory is needed for each different
operating system and compiler combination (``target system'') that you wish
to support, e.g.,

mkdir /usr/local/pgplot

Do not try to create the PGPLOT library in the distribution directory.

4. Select device drivers

Configure PGPLOT by selecting device drivers from the available list. First
copy the file drivers.list from the distribution directory to the target
directory, and then use a text editor to select device drivers. This file
contains one line for each available device driver: delete the exclamation
mark (!) at the beginning of the line to include the driver, or ensure that
an exclamation mark is present if you want to exclude the driver. Many of
the drivers can be used only on certain operating systems (see notes in
drivers.list), so include only the drivers you plan to use. PGPLOT can later
be reconfigured by restarting the installation at this step. Most
installations should include: the null device (/NULL), PostScript printers
(/PS, /VPS, /CPS, and /VCPS), Tektronix terminals (/TEK, /XTERM, and
possibly other variants), and, if the X window system is available on the
target, the X window drivers (/XWIN, /XSERV). You may also wish to include
drivers for GIF files (/GIF, /VGIF) or some of the other printers.

cd /usr/local/pgplot
cp /root/pgplot/drivers.list .
vi drivers.list (or use your preferred editor)

Note: If you select either the Motif widget driver (XMDRIV) or the Tk/Tcl
widget driver (TKDRIV), the installation procedure will install additional
files and demonstration programs. Do not select these drivers unless you are
planning to develop programs that will use them. For further information see
the appropriate documentation:

* XMDRIV
* TKDRIV

5. Create the makefile

The PGPLOT installation procedure for UNIX uses a script, called makemake,
to generate a standard UNIX makefile for your operating system, compilers,
and list of selected PGPLOT device drivers. Operating-system and compiler
information is obtained from a configuration file. Configuration files are
available for the following systems. If your configuration is not one of
those listed, or if you have trouble using the generated makefile, see below
for information about creating your own configuration file.

In the following table, Arg#2 is a code for the operating system, and Arg#3
is a code for the Fortran and C compilers. For more information about the
supported systems, see the file pgplot/sys_*/aaaread.me, where * stands for
one of the options for Arg#2.

Arg#2 Arg#3
------ ------
aix xlf_cc
alliant fortran_cc
bsd g77_gcc
convex fc_cc
cray cf77_cc
epix2 f77_cc (Control Data EP/IX 2.x)
freebsd f77_cc
fujitsu uxpm_frt_cc
fujitsu uxpv_frt_cc
hp fort77_c89
hp fort77_gcc
irix f77_cc
linux absoft_gcc
linux f77_gcc
linux g77_elf
linux g77_gcc
next af77_cc
next f2c_cc
next g77_cc
next gf77_cc
osf1 f77_cc
osf1 f77_cc_shared
sol2 f77_cc (Solaris 2.x, SunOs 5.x)
sol2 f77_gcc
sol2 f90_cc
sol2 g77_gcc
sun4 f77_acc (SunOS 4.x)
sun4 f77_cc
sun4 f77_gcc
ultrix f77_cc

If your system is one of those listed, proceed as follows:

Make the target directory your current default directory, e.g.,

cd /usr/local/pgplot

Execute the script makemake from the distribution directory: e.g.,

/root/pgplot/makemake /root/pgplot sun4

The first argument supplied to makemake is the name of the distribution
directory.

The second argument is the name of the operating system (Arg#2 from the
above table); if you omit it or supply an unrecognized name, makemake will
indicate the allowed values.

On some operating systems, where more than one Fortran or C compiler is
available, a third argument is required (Arg#3 from the above table);
usually this is composed of the two compiler names separated by an
underscore. If you omit it, makemake will indicate the allowed values.

Once you have supplied valid arguments, makemake may complain that it can't
find the drivers.list file. Go back to step 4!

Example

% ../pgplot/makemake ../pgplot sol2 f77_gcc
For additional information, read file ../pgplot/sys_sol2/aaaread.me
Reading configuration file: ../pgplot/sys_sol2/f77_gcc.conf
Selecting uncommented drivers from ./drivers.list
Found drivers GIDRIV NUDRIV PPDRIV PSDRIV TKDRIV TTDRIV WDDRIV XMDRIV XWDRIV
Creating make file: makefile
Determining object file dependencies.
%

The script makemake generates a file makefile for subsequent use, a Fortran
file grexec.f that calls the selected device drivers, and a text file
rgb.txt that contains color definitions for use by routine PGSCRN. (If you
already have a file rgb.txt, possibly modified with your own custom
definitions, makemake does not modify it.) It also copies two Fortran
include files that will be needed during compilation. So at this stage you
will have at least the following files:

drivers.list
grexec.f
grpckg1.inc
makefile
pgplot.inc
rgb.txt

If your UNIX system is not one of the supported systems listed above, create
your own configuration file in the target directory, with name local.conf.
It is best to copy one of the configuration files provided (from
pgplot/sys_*/*.conf, and then edit it following the comments in the file.
The makemake procedure will use local.conf if it exists in the current
directory, and if you do not specify Arg#3. Note that you must still specify
Arg#2 (operating system). For more information about configuration files,
see Porting PGPLOT, or consult tjp@astro.caltech.edu.

6. Use `make' to compile the code

Now use the UNIX make command to compile the PGPLOT library following the
instructions in makefile:

make

By default, make will generate: an object-module library, libpgplot.a; a
shareable library (if possible on the selected operating system), the binary
PGPLOT font file grfont.dat, the demonstration programs pgdemo*, and a
documentation file pgplot.doc. In addition, if the /XWIN and/or /XSERV
driver was selected in step 4, it will generate a program pgxwin_server, and
if the /XDISP driver was selected, it will generate a program pgdisp.

If this step proceeds satisfactorily, you may want to type

make clean

to remove unneeded intermediate files. You will then have the following
files in the current directory:

drivers.list
grexec.f
grfont.dat (binary font file)*
libpgplot.a (PGPLOT library)*
libpgplot.so (shared library, optional)*
makefile
pgdemo1 ... pgdemo16 (demonstration programs)
pgdisp (required by /XDISP driver)*
pgplot.doc (ASCII documentation file)
pgxwin_server (required by /XWIN driver)*
rgb.txt (color name database)*

If you requested XMDRIV or TKDRIV, you will also have some of the following
files:

pgmdemo (executable demo program)
libXmPgplot.a (object library required by PGPLOT/Motif applications)*
XmPgplot.h (header file required by PGPLOT/Motif applications)*
libtkpgplot.a (object library required by PGPLOT/Tk applications)*
pgtkdemo (executable demo program)
pgtkdemo.tcl (script used by demo program)
tkpgplot.h (header file required by PGPLOT/Tk applications)*

If you want to copy the compiled version of PGPLOT to another directory, you
must copy at least the files marked with an asterisk (*). The documentation
file contains the PGPLOT subroutine descriptions, which are also available
in the manual.

7. Install the C binding

Optionally, install and test the C binding for PGPLOT. This requires an ANSI
C compiler (that understands function prototypes) and is not available on
all systems.

make cpg

This creates three files:
 cpgplot.h (ANSI C header file)
libcpgplot.a (library containing the C binding)
cpgdemo (demonstration program)

8. Run the demonstration programs

Run the demonstration programs on your selected devices and verify that they
run satisfactorily.

Before running any PGPLOT program, you must ensure that the environment
variable PGPLOT_DIR is correctly defined. This is the name of the directory
in which PGPLOT will look for the files grfont.dat and rgb.txt (unless
environment variables PGPLOT_FONT and PGPLOT_RGB are defined to override
this default behavior), and, if needed, the X-window server program
pgxwin_server:

UNIX csh: setenv PGPLOT_DIR /usr/local/pgplot/
UNIX sh: PGPLOT_DIR="/usr/local/pgplot/"; export PGPLOT_DIR

It is also convenient, but not essential, to define a default PGPLOT device
with environment variable PGPLOT_DEV, e.g.

UNIX csh: setenv PGPLOT_DEV /xwin

Other PGPLOT environment variables are described in the manual.

When using a UNIX shared library (e.g., on Solaris 2.x), you may also need
to put the PGPLOT directory in your loader search path, defined in
environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH.

To run a program, type its name (with directory if the current directory is
not in your path):

./pgdemo1

All the demonstration programs prompt for a device name and type. Type a
question mark ? to see a list of the available device types and verify that
PGPLOT has been configured properly.

Points to check for: the PGPLOT program correctly reads the font file and
displays superscripts, subscripts and special characters (pgdemo2); the
PGPLOT program can read the color database (pgdemo10); on interactive
devices, the cursor works correctly (pgdemo5, pgdemo6).
To test the PGPLOT Motif widget driver, run pgmdemo in the same way as the
other demonstration programs. You must first ensure that an X-window display
is available and that environment variable PGPLOT_DIR is correctly defined.

To test the PGPLOT Tk/Tcl widget driver, type

pgtkdemo pgtkdemo.tcl

See the documentation for the driver for more information.

9. Install documentation files (optional)

The standard installation procedure creates an ASCII text file containing
synopses of all the PGPLOT subroutines: pgplot.doc.

A documentation file in HTML format that can be displayed with a Web browser
or an HTML reader can be created by typing:

make pgplot.html

This file is created by executing a perl program to extract the
documentation from the source code. If you do not have perl installed on
your system, you can access the file at URL
http://astro.caltech.edu/~tjp/pgplot/subroutines.html. You may need to edit
the first line of file pgplot/makehtml to include the correct commands for
invoking perl on your system.

A documentation file in LaTeX format (Appendix A of the manual) can be
created by typing

make pgplot-routines.tex

This file is also created by executing a perl program to extract the
documentation from the source code. You may need to edit the first line of
file pgplot/maketex to include the correct commands for invoking perl on
your system. To print this file, you will need to run LaTeX to create a dvi
file and a dvi interpreter to print it, e.g. (on Unix systems)

latex pgplot-routines
dvips pgplot-routines -o

10. Install the library of obsolete routines (optional)

The library libpgobs.a includes some obsolete PGPLOT routines. If you have
old programs that use these routines, you can install the library by

make libpgobs.a

However, these routines will not be included in future versions of PGPLOT,
so you should rewrite your programs to avoid their use.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGPLOT
Tim Pearson, California Institute of Technology, tjp@astro.caltech.edu
Copyright © 1997 California Institute of Technology